1. Understand Deeply
First understand simple ideas deeply. Master the basics. Clear the clutter and expose what is really important. Be brutally honest about what you know and don’t know. Then see what’s missing, identify the gaps, and fill them in. Let go of bias, prejudice, and preconceived notions. Rock-solid understanding is the foundation for success.
2. Make mistakes
Let your errors be your guide. Intentionally get it wrong to inevitably get it even more right. Mistakes are great teachers—they highlight unforeseen opportunities and holes in your understanding. They also show you which way to turn next, and they ignite your imagination.
3. Raise questions
Constantly create questions to clarify and extend your understanding. What’s the real question?
4. Follow the flow of ideas
Look back to see where ideas came from and then look ahead to discover where those ideas may lead. Iterate.
5. Transform Yourself
Adapt and improve. Just do it.
Burger, Edward: The 5 Elements of Effective Thinking.